Types of Solutions

Chemical solutions or solutions are homogeneous mixtures of two or more substances, at a molecular or ionic level, they are homogeneous systems formed by two parts, a solvent and a solute, the solute being found in a smaller proportion within the chemical composition.

It is highlighted that chemical solutions can be found in various physical states, the most common being solutions in a liquid state, where the solute is commonly a solid that is added to a liquid solvent, which due to the disparate proportion of both can remain colloidal or in an emulsion state.

Types of solutions according to the amount of solute:

Saturated solutions:  They are those in which there is the greatest possible amount of solute, which can be kept dissolved in the solvent, at a stable temperature. In these types of solutions, if a higher amount of solute is added, the mixture loses its ability to dissolve.

Supersaturated solutions: Supersaturated  solutions occur when they contain more solute than the amount supported under equilibrium conditions by the solvent at a given temperature. These, therefore, are unstable solutions in which the dissolved excess will be deposited, for which the temperature factor takes on a relevant importance, because in case the temperature increases, there is no remnant, because when heated, the solubility of the solvent increases.

Concentrated:  In them the percentage of solute is close to that which establishes the solubility of the solvent in question, at a certain temperature, commonly room temperature.

Types of solutions according to connectivity:

Electrolytic  solutions: Electrolytic or ionic solutions are those in which the solute is dissolved in the solute forming ions.

Non- electrolytic  solutions: Non-electrolytic solutions are those where ions are not formed, that is, there is no ionization process, this happens with non-polar or molecular substances, which when dissolved do not dissociate ions and therefore do not have electrical conductivity.

Some examples of electroless solutions: benzene in water, carbon tetrachloride in water, glucose in water, fructose in water, chloroform in water.

Examples of solutions:

• Coffee with milk.
• Oil paint and thinner.
• Water and salt.
• Oxygen in water.
• Steel (solution of iron and carbon, which at room temperature is solid).
• Water with salt
• sulfuric acid with water
• hydrochloric acid with water
• water with honey
• glucose water
• Carbonated drinks (dissolution of a gas in a liquid).
• sugar water
• water with alcohol
• water with oxygen
• Lime water (calcium hydroxide solution)
• coffee with water
• Milk chocolate